Avian Wonders of Chilika: Exploring Birdlife in the Berhampur Region

Bird Species in Chilika-Ganjam dist. Region: A Haven for Avian Life

The Chilika Lake, located near Ganjam dist. in Odisha, is Asia's largest brackish water lagoon and a paradise for birdwatchers. This ecological hotspot attracts thousands of migratory and resident birds, making it one of the most significant biodiversity hubs in India. The lake's diverse ecosystem, which includes freshwater, brackish water, and marine environments, provides an ideal habitat for numerous bird species.

Overview of Chilika Lake's Birdlife

Chilika Lake spans across the Puri, Khurda, and Ganjam districts, with the Ganjam region being a vital access point for exploring its avian diversity. The lake is a designated Ramsar site and a crucial stopover for migratory birds traveling along the East Asia-Australasia Flyway.

Key Bird Species Found in Chilika (Ganjam dist. Region)

The Chilika-Ganjam region is home to a wide range of bird species, including both resident and migratory birds. Some notable species include:

Migratory Birds

1. Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus)

   • Known for their striking pink hue, these birds migrate to Chilika during winter months, creating a mesmerizing sight.

2. Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus)

   • These high-altitude flyers travel from Central Asia and Tibet to Chilika in search of food and warmer conditions.

3. Northern Pintail (Anas acuta)

   • With their sleek appearance and long tails, Northern Pintails are commonly seen foraging in shallow waters.

4. Eurasian Wigeon (Mareca penelope)

   • Found in large flocks, these birds add to the vibrant ecosystem of Chilika.

5. Ruddy Shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea)

   • Often seen in pairs, these birds migrate from the Tibetan plateau to Chilika for wintering.

Resident Birds

1. Indian Roller (Coracias benghalensis)

   • Known for its vibrant blue plumage, the Indian Roller is commonly spotted perched on trees or power lines.

2. Kingfisher Varieties

   • Chilika hosts multiple kingfisher species, including the White-throated Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis), known locally as "Dhobapankhi."

3. Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus)

   • Found wading in shallow waters, this bird is crucial for maintaining the ecological balance.

4. Purple Swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio)

   • With striking blue and purple plumage, this bird is often seen in wetlands and marshy areas.

5. Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis)

   • These large waterbirds are frequently seen in groups, diving for fish in the lake’s rich waters.

6. Common Hawk-Cuckoo (Hierococcyx varius)

   • Known as the "Brainfever Bird," this species is recognized by its loud and persistent call during the breeding season.

7. Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis)

   • A highly adaptable species often seen in urban and rural areas, recognized by its yellow beak and bold behavior.

Best Time to Visit for Bird Watching

The ideal time to visit Chilika for birdwatching is between November and February, when thousands of migratory birds arrive from colder regions like Siberia, Russia, and Mongolia. During this period, the Nalabana Bird Sanctuary (a core part of Chilika) becomes a key spot for spotting rare and exotic birds.

Conservation Efforts

Chilika Lake has faced several environmental challenges, including habitat degradation and pollution. Efforts by organizations like the Chilika Development Authority (CDA) have played a vital role in restoring the lake’s ecological balance. Local communities and conservationists are actively involved in preserving the delicate biodiversity of the region.

Conclusion

The Chilika Lake-Berhampur region stands as a testament to nature's incredible diversity. Whether you're a bird enthusiast, nature lover, or photographer, Chilika offers a captivating experience with its vibrant avian population. Exploring the serene landscape while observing these remarkable birds is an unforgettable journey into the heart of Odisha's natural beauty.